The principle of ozone micro nano bubble technology in the treatment and degradation of heavy metals in wastewater mainly includes the following aspects:

oxidation

Ozone has strong oxidizing properties and can oxidize heavy metal ions in wastewater into higher valence states. For example, oxidizing divalent mercury ions (Hg ² ⁺) to higher valence compounds of mercury that are more easily precipitated. High valence heavy metal ions usually have lower solubility and are easier to remove from wastewater through precipitation.

Promote sedimentation

Micro nano bubbles have a large specific surface area and surface charge, which can promote the combination of heavy metal ions with other precipitants or hydroxide ions (OH ⁻) to form precipitates. On the one hand, the surface charge of micro nano bubbles can attract heavy metal ions with opposite charges, causing them to aggregate on the surface of the bubbles; On the other hand, when micro nano bubbles rupture in water, local turbulence and micro mixing effects are generated, enhancing the mass transfer process between heavy metal ions and precipitants and accelerating the precipitation reaction.

Formation of complex compounds

Ozone micro nano bubble technology can alter the chemical environment of wastewater, promoting the formation of complexes between heavy metal ions and certain ligands in water. For example, some intermediate products generated during the oxidation process of ozone micro nano bubbles may act as ligands to complex with heavy metal ions. These complexes may have different physical and chemical properties, making them easier to remove from wastewater through subsequent separation techniques.

Synergies

Micro nano bubbles can improve the dissolution efficiency and reactivity of ozone in water, making the oxidation reaction between ozone and heavy metal ions more complete. At the same time, the local high temperature and high pressure environment generated by the rupture of micro nano bubbles may also trigger some free radical reactions, producing strong oxidizing substances such as hydroxyl radicals (· OH). These free radicals can also react with heavy metal ions, further promoting the removal of heavy metals. Through the synergistic effect of multiple actions, efficient treatment of heavy metals in wastewater can be achieved.